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Arduino Introduction
Arduino is a Microcontroller
Not a computer
Continuously Loops code
Arduino is a Development Platform
Open source hardware 
Prototype Product
Arduino Clones so cheap it can be worthwhile just using them

Boards
Arduino Clones
Memory
Flash memory (program space), is where the Arduino sketch is stored.
SRAM (static random access memory) is where the sketch creates and manipulates variables when it runs.
EEPROM is memory space that programmers can use to store long-term information.
Arduino Pins
Arduino Modules and Shields
IO Communication - Analog/ Digital/ I2C
Analog - Analog signal
Digital - Requires Specific Library
I2C - Requires Library and I2C Configuration
Addressable Protocol
Controlling Motors
Relays
H Bridges
PWM
Network Connectivity
Arduino Uno with WiFi
Ethernet Shield
ESP8266
Arduino Communication
TCP/IP
Serial Communication
Wireless Module
IR
Powering Arduino
USB Connection - Wall or Battery
9-12v Wall connector
9-12v battery pack
Arduino IDE
Language is C++ ?
Preferences
Manage Libraries
Port
Board
Serial Monitor